Standards testing helmets
Standards testing helmets
Most
motorcycle helmet standards use impacts at speeds between 4–7 m/s (9–16 mph). While motorcyclists frequently ride at
speeds
higher than 20 m/s (45 mph), the perpendicular impact speed of the
helmet is usually not the same as the road speed of the motorcycle, and
the severity of the impact is determined not only by the speed of the
head but also by the surface it hits and the angle of impact. Since the
surface of the road is almost parallel to the direction a motorcyclist
moves while driving, only a small component of their velocity is
directed perpendicularly (though other surfaces may be perpendicular to
the motorcyclist's velocity, such as trees, walls, and the sides of
other vehicles). The severity of an impact is also influenced by the
nature of the surface struck. The sheet metal wall of a car door may
bend inwards to a depth of 7.5–10 cm (3.0–3.9 in) during a helmeted-head
impact, allowing more stopping distance for the rider's head than the
helmet itself. A perpendicular impact against a flat steel
anvil
at 5 m/s (11 mph) may be of approximate severity to an oblique impact
against a concrete surface at 30 m/s (67 mph) or a perpendicular impact
against a sheet metal car door or windscreen at 30 m/s. Since there is a
wide range of severity in the impacts that could happen in a motorcycle
accident, some will be more severe than the impacts used in the
standard tests and some will be less.
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